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Skyros
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Skyros (ΣΚΥΡΟΣ in Greek) is the southernmost island of the Sporades, a Greek
archipelago in the Aegean Sea. Around the 2nd millennium BC and slightly
later, the island was known as The Island of the Magnetes where the Magnetes
used to live and later Pelasgia and Dolopia and later Skyros. At 209 kmē it is
the largest of the Sporades, and has a population of about 3,000 (in 2003).
Skyros is one of the municipalities that are not part of any provinces in
Greece.
The north of the island is covered by forest, and includes the island's
highest point, Mount Olympos (903 metres), while the south, dominated by the
mountain of Kochila, is bare and rocky. The island's capital is also called
Skyros (or, locally, Chora). The main port, on the west coast, is Linaria. The
island has a castle (the kastro) that dates from the Venetian occupation (13th
to 15th centuries), a Byzantine monastery (Saint George of Skyros), the grave
of English poet Rupert Brooke at Tris Boukes harbour, and the Bronze Age
archaeological site of Palamari. There are many beaches on the coast. The
island has its own Skyrian breed of ponies.
Skyros can be reached by ferry from Skiathos or Evia.
In Greek mythology, Theseus was said to have died on Skyros, and Achilles
spent part of his youth there.
In 475 BC, Cimon conquered the entire island. From that date, it became a part
of the hegemony of Athens.
In 340 BC, the Macedonians took over the island and it dominated until 192 BC
in which the Roman Imperial forces and Philip V of Macedon restored it to
Athens.
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